Why is Zener Diode Used as a Voltage Regulator? 1. Theory. However, when the reverse voltages are applied, or reverse feedback is provided, a tiny leakage current is observed between the zener voltage and 0V. Before you discuss how this diode can be used as a voltage regulator, you must know what a voltage regulator is. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. Here, the voltage drop across the resistor is very less, and the output voltage results normally. To keep the output voltage constant at the desired value in spite of variations in the supply voltage. Therefore, the constant voltage helps Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator. To maintain a constant voltage across the load, even if the input voltage or load current varies, voltage. This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. As the zener diode is connected parallel to the load the voltage across the load will be always equal to the zener voltage. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator In Zener diode, there is a conventional current flow from anode to cathode. Vedantu academic counsellor will be calling you shortly for your Online Counselling session. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. When the Zener diode is given reverse bias feedback, there is a small leakage current until it attains the breakdown voltage or a constant voltage. Pro Lite, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. Figure 2 shows the current versus voltage curve for a Zener diode. Furthermore, choosing a Zener diode becomes easy as the required output voltage and the input voltage is known from the beginning. Refer to the voltage reference circuit to set the resistance R 1. Zener Diode as DC voltage regulator. Simulator. It can be understood how a zener diode acts as a voltage regulator by analyzing the below circuit. 2. Minimum reverse current is required for voltage regulation to keep diode in the breakdown region. The low value is required so as to allow the maximum flow of current through the diode, connected in parallel. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. Hence, V. Draw the Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Circuit Diagram. It maintains a constant output voltage even when input voltage V i or load current I L varies. This video is highly rated by Class 12 students and has been viewed 628 times. It works in such a way the reverse-biased can also work in breakdown conditions. Feedback. The zener diode thus acts as a simple voltage regulator. Zener diode is used as a Shunt voltage regulator for regulating voltage across small loads. Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. Resources. A 4V7 zener diode is used as a voltage regulator as shown in the diagram below. Procedure. Over voltage protection is done by using Zener diodes because there is current flowing through the diode after the reverse bias voltage exceeds a certain voltage . When connected in reverse bias in series with a current limiting resistor, the voltage across the zener diode remains constant as long as a certain minimum current flows through it. Since the input voltage and the required output voltage is known, it is easier to choose a Zener diode with a voltage approximately equal to the load voltage, i.e. 5. Now that you have understood the working of Zener diode as voltage regulator answer a few questions based on your understanding. This is the currently selected item. The zener diode is designed to operate in the reverse break down region and has a predetermined reverse break down voltage V z. At this point, the current begins flowing seamlessly without any change in voltage. Pro Lite, Vedantu Click here to visit the playlist on this chapter Procedure . Design a Zener diode voltage regulator circuit as shown in Fig. In this Physics video in Hindi for class 12 we explained, with diagram, how Zener diode is used as voltage regulator. Zener diode voltage regulator circuit. Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. Zener Diode. This voltage is called zener voltage or breakdown voltage (Vz). Let us say if Zener voltage of 5 V is used then, the voltage becomes constant at 5 V, and it does not change. The voltage difference between the input voltage V S and V Z will be dropped across the resistance R. (iii)A photo diode is operated under reverse bias although in the forward bias, the current is known to be more than the current in the reverse bias. When connected in parallel with a variable voltage source so that it is reverse biased, a Zener diode conducts when the voltage reaches the diode's reverse breakdown voltage. The main use of Zener diode lies in the fact that the voltage across a Zener diode remains constant for a larger change in current. Here is a link to step by step physics experiment of Zener diode as a voltage regulator and how its made. Function of Zener Diode in Voltage Regulator Abstract The strength property which we use may not be capable to grant us normal voltage. 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The main use of zener diode lies in the fact that the voltage across a Zener diode remains constant for a larger change in current. Assume that the transformer primary to secondary coils turns ratio is N: N2 = 16:1. The current flows without much restriction while there can be a voltage drop of about 0.3 to 0.7 Volts. What is the Experiment to Study Zener Diodes as a Voltage Regulator? Zener Diode Voltage Regulators S Bharadwaj Reddy June 3, 2017 December 12, 2018 Zener Diodes can be used to produce a stabilised voltage output with low ripple under varying load current conditions. When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. Fig 2:Zener diode characteristic curve The forward bias region of a Zener diode is identical to that of a regular diode. This circuit provides safety for the equipment connected at the terminals. Here, the output voltage is balanced even if there is fluctuation in voltage supply. 3. Hence, VZ = VL. I happened to check the output of the 12 volt wall transformer and found it was 13.4 volts. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. We do not use ordinary junction diode because the low power rating diode can get damaged when we apply reverse bias above its breakdown voltage. You will be able to get in-depth knowledge of the concept with these study notes prepared by our expert teachers. Zener Diode as a Voltage Regulator Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a p-n junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. Here, look at the schematic symbol and appearance of a Zener diode. Following is the link explaining the difference between Zener breakdown and Avalanche breakdown: The circuit diagram of a voltage regulator using a Zener diode is shown: Current through the diode increases when the voltage across the diode tends to increase which results in the voltage drop across the resistor. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. The Zener diode acts as a conventional diode when it is connected in the forward direction. Learn the concepts of Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits with Videos and Stories. When the input voltage is less than the breakdown voltage (V z), very small current flows through the diode and the whole input appears across the output terminals. Ans. [HOTS; Foreign 2010] Ans. (Actually, to be certain the zener diode could handle the power, I placed two 12 volt zeners in parallel. Required fields are marked *. Viva Voce. Subsequently, a P-N junction silicon semiconductor is used to make Zener diode regulator instead of any ordinary junction diode. The output voltage of regulator system is fixed as the zener knee voltage of the zener diode and can be used in power devices requiring a fixed voltage of firm value. It essentially steps down the input voltage to the desired level and keeps it at that same level during the supply. As Voltage Regulator 12. For example, we want that the voltage across a load in our circuit does not exceed, let’s say, 12 volts. you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. When reverse biased voltage applied to the zener diode reaches zener voltage, it starts allowing large amount of electric current. Furthermore, choosing a Zener diode becomes easy as the required output voltage and the input voltage is known from the beginning. The exciting part of this diode is that we can choose the Zener diode with a suitable breakdown voltage to work as a voltage regulator in our circuit. ... Zener diode voltage regulator . This silicon semiconductor is designed to function in the condition of reverse bias. The reverse characteristic is obtained by taking reverse voltage along – ve X-axis and reverse current along –ve Y-axis. Our mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere. Zener diode is connected parallel to the load to make it reverse bias and once the Zener diode exceeds knee voltage, the voltage across the load will become constant. The Figure shows the fuction of zener diode as voltage regulator.The diode is selected in such a way that its breakdown voltage is equal to the desired output voltage. By controlling the doping level, the breakdown region can be set during the manufacturing of the diode. In this video, let's explore how a Zener diode can be used to regulate voltage. Theory. The primary objective of the Zener diode as a voltage regulator is to maintain a constant voltage. Ans. Zener Diode is a general purpose diode, which behaves like a normal diode when forward biased. 3(b) to charge a rechargeable battery of voltage V8 = 10V. After it attains a voltage V. , there is unrestricted current flow in the system. There is a series resistor connected to the circuit in order to limit the current into the diode. Zener diodes have voltage values from less than 2 volts to several hundred volts, and they can dissipate power ranging from 0.25 to 50 watts… or more. The Zener diode is a unique sort of diode having a sharp reduce off voltage for the […] Zener Diode. Theory. Further, the application of reverse voltage on the Zener diode ensures that the voltage remains constant for a significant range of current. Additionally, the voltage drop across the diode remains constant over a wide range of voltages, a feature that makes Zener diodes suitable for use in voltage regulation. We have discussed the application of Zener diode as voltage regulator and now we will discuss the other two points. regulation is to be made. Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. A voltage regulator is a device that regulates the voltage level. Fabrication – It has heavily doped p- side and n-side. This ensures that even when a load is applied the voltage doesn’t drop. Figure 2 shows the current versus voltage curve for a Zener diode. Procedure. Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. Thus we will connect the zener diode parallel to the load such that the applied voltage will reverse bias it. The image depicts a current versus voltage graph. Ans. Theory. (ii)Explain with the help of a circuit diagram, the use of a Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Let’s take the value of R 2 as 1kΩ. Khan Academy is a … CO-ED SCHOOL BHOPAL MOTHER TERESA SR. SEC. When forward biased, it behaves like a normal signal diode, but when the reverse voltage is applied to it, the voltage remains constant for a wide range of currents. A zener diode is a diode that breaks down at a specific voltage when it is reverse biased. Design for an op-amp voltage regulator circuit to drive a load of 6V,1.2W from an Input supply of 12V with a ±2V ripple voltage, using a 3V zener diode. As the breakdown voltage is appro… Similarly, the current through the diode decreases when the voltage across the diode tends to decrease. Due to this feature, it is used as a voltage regulator in d.c. circuit. The maximum power rating P Z of the Zener diode is 2 W. Using the circuit above, calculate 1. Zener diode. Zener diode is specifically designed for this purpose. The semiconducting silicon material used in the zener diode as voltage regulator experiment helps it function in the forward as well as reverse voltages without breakdown. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! The normal AC voltage, Vp = 220V(rms) and can vary +10% during charging. We are going use it's reverse breakdown characteristics. Choose the Appropriate Option Regarding the Level of Doping in the Zener Diode. Zener Diode is Designed to Function in Which Region Without Having Any Damage? A simple circuit involving Zener diode as a regulator requires a resistor of the low value connected in series with the input voltage source. CO-ED SCHOOL KOLAR ROAD BHOAPL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PROJECT REPORT INVESTIGATORYPROJECT ON PN JUNCTION AND DIODES PROJECT REPORT Submitted by Govind Patel Submitted to Mrs Ratna Hajela … you are here->home->Physics->Class 12->Zener Diode. This may moreover have an effect on the proper functioning of the digital tool. To have a detailed understanding of Zener diode and its working, you should also read up on the related concepts. The voltage drop across R L is 12 V, V in has values between 20 V and 35 V. The minimum current through R Zener diode as a voltage regulator. In this experiment, a voltage versus current graph is drawn, which shows the forward and reverse bias given to the diode. It is connected to the positive terminal of the d.c. Zener diode operation The Zener diode operates just like the normal diode when in the forward-bias mode, and has a turn-on voltage of between 0.3 and 0.7 V. The reason behind this is, an ordinary diode may get damaged if you apply a voltage greater than its breakdown voltage in reverse bias. Zener diode helps us in making of a voltage regulator. The maximum current flowing through the diode. By studying these concepts, you will be able to explain Zener diode as a voltage regulator in a better way and solve exercise questions. 3 Zener diode applications. Resources. Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor with a p-n junction that is specifically designed to work in the reverse biased condition. In this video, let's explore how a Zener diode can be used to regulate voltage. For example, if you happen to pass a 6V reverse voltage through a diode of 3V, then the measure of voltage across the diode will be 3V only. Now lets solve an example problem that illustrates the Zener diode as a voltage regulator. This is a circuit diagram of a Zener diode used as a voltage regulator. If the voltage is above a certain level, only then Zener diode will allow flowing a current in reverse direction and this required voltage for reverse current to flow in Zener diode is known as the breakdown voltage. In breakdown the voltage across the Zener diode is close to constant over a wide range of currents thus making it useful as a shunt voltage regulator. The action of the circuit can be explained as given below: Load current varies, the input voltage is constant: Let us consider that the load current increases. A Zener diode is used to get constant DC voltage from a DC unregulated output of a rectifier. The breakdown voltage of Zener diodes will be constant for a wide range of current. This voltage at which seamless current flow begins is known as the breakdown voltage. As Voltage Regulator In a DC circuit, Zener diode can be used as a voltage regulator or to provide voltage reference. However, this forward flow of current can be reversed if the voltage surpasses a specific value which is known as the breakdown or Zener voltage. The battery is charging with a constant current 20mA. Zener diode as a voltage regulator: The function of a regulator is to provide a constant output voltage to a load connected in parallel with it in spite of the ripples in the supply voltage or the variation in the load current and the zener diode will continue to regulate the voltage until the diodes current falls below the minimum I Z(min) value in the reverse breakdown region. Mit Zenerdioden kann ein stabilisierter Spannungsausgang mit geringer Restwelligkeit bei wechselnden Laststrombedingungen erzeugt werden. Nov 25, 2020 - Zener diode as a voltage regulator - Semiconductor Electronics Class 12 Video | EduRev is made by best teachers of Class 12. At this point, the current begins flowing seamlessly without any change in voltage. pn junction and zener diode 12 class project.ppt 1. in DEPARTMENT OF PHYICS MOTHER TERESA SR. SEC. The DC output voltage remains constant when the input varies within the limits as the voltage regulator is used. A Zener diode can limit the voltage across it, making it a voltage regulator! Zener diode as voltage regulator. Zener diode has the property of behaving like a dc battery in ‘on’ state (i.e. Zener diode as a voltage regulator: A Zener diode working in the breakdown region can serve as a voltage regulator. 2. When the minimum input voltage and the maximum load current is applied, the Zener diode current should always be minimum. Ans. 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